Useful References for Diabetes

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Are you at risk?/Prediabetes

• • Who are at risk?
    • Hess-Fischel A. Prediabetes. Available from: https://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/pre-diabetes/pre-diabetes. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
    • What is prediabetes? Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/type-2-diabetesguide/what-is-prediabetes#1. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
  • Causes
    • Hess-Fischel A. Prediabetes. Available from: https://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/pre-diabetes/pre-diabetes. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
    • Prediabetes. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/prediabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20355278. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
  • Symptoms
    • Hess-Fischel A. Prediabetes. Available from: https://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/pre-diabetes/pre-diabetes. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
    • Prediabetes [Updated Aug 2, 2017]. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/prediabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20355278. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
  • Tests
    • Hess-Fischel A. Prediabetes [Updated Dec 14, 2017]. Available from: https://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/pre-diabetes/pre-diabetes. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
    • What is prediabetes?. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/type-2-diabetesguide/what-is-prediabetes#1. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
    • Diagnosing diabetes and learning about prediabetes [Updated Nov 21, 2016]. Available from: http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/diagnosis/. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
  • Managing Prediabetes
    • Medication & Lifestyle changes
      • Prediabetes: An alarming situation
        WebMD. Prediabetes: 7 Steps to Take Now. Available from https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/features/prediabetes-diagnosis-what-to-do#1. Accessed on 15^th June 2018
      • Treatment for prediabetes : Medication or lifestyle changes? - References:
        American Heart Association. Medication or Lifestyle changes for prediabetes. Available from http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/Diabetes/AboutDiabetes/Medicationor-Lifestyle-for-Pre-diabetes_UCM_461537_Article.jsp#.WxTeuu6FPIU. Accessed on15^th June 2018
      • Benefits of Lifestyle changes
        American Heart Association. Medication or Lifestyle changes for prediabetes. Available from http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/Diabetes/AboutDiabetes/Medication-orLifestyle-for-Pre-diabetes_UCM_461537_Article.jsp#.WxTeuu6FPIU. Accessed on15^th June 2018
        Diabetes Self- management. Metformin vs. Lifestyle changes for prediabetes. Available from https://www.diabetesselfmanagement.com/blog/metformin-vs-lifestyle-changesprediabetes/. Accessed on 15^th June 2018
      • Lifestyle changes that should be adopted
        WebMD. Prediabetes: 7 Steps to Take Now. Available from https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/features/prediabetes-diagnosis-what-to-do#1. Accessed on 15^th June 2018
      • Lifestyle changes that should be adopted
        WebMD. Prediabetes: 7 Steps to Take Now. Available from https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/features/prediabetes-diagnosis-what-to-do#1. Accessed on 15^th June 2018
        WebMD. What is Prediabetes? Available from https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/what-is-prediabetes-or-borderline-diabetes. Accessed on 15^th June 2018
      • Lifestyle changes that should be adopted –
        American Diabetes Association. Preventing diabetes with good nutrition. Available from https://www.diabetes.org/advocacy/advocacy-priorities. Accessed on 15^th June 2018
        WebMD. Prediabetes: 7 Steps to Take Now. Available from https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/features/prediabetes-diagnosis-what-to-do#1. Accessed on 15^th June 2018
      • Lifestyle changes that should be adopted
        WebMD. Prediabetes: 7 Steps to Take Now. Available from https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/features/prediabetes-diagnosis-what-to-do#1. Accessed on 15^th June 2018
        WebMD. Prediabetes: You can turn it around. Available from https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/ss/slideshow-prediabetes-recommendations. Accessed on 15^th June 2018
      • Lifestyle changes that should be adopted
        American Heart Association. Medication or Lifestyle changes for prediabetes. Available from http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/Diabetes/AboutDiabetes/Medication-orLifestyle-for-Pre-diabetes_UCM_461537_Article.jsp#.WxTeuu6FPIU. Accessed on15^th June 2018
        WebMD. Prediabetes: You can turn it around. Available from https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/ss/slideshow-prediabetes-recommendations. Accessed on 15^th June 2018
        Diabetes Australia. Smoking, prediabetes and diabetes. Available from https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:cgg9S6cyR6QJ:https://www.diabetesqld.org.au/media/75351/34_smoking.pdf+&cd=14&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=in. Accessed on 15^th June 2018
      • Lifestyle changes that should be adopted
        American Heart Association. Medication or Lifestyle changes for prediabetes. Available from http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/Diabetes/AboutDiabetes/Medication-orLifestyle-for-Pre-diabetes_UCM_461537_Article.jsp#.WxTeuu6FPIU. Accessed on 15^th June 2018
        Diabetes.co.uk. Diabetes and Stress. Available from https://www.diabetes.co.uk/diabetes-destress.html. Accessed on 15^th June 2018
• Are you at risk?/ Lowering your Risk
  • Modifiable risk factors
    • American Heart association. Understand Your Risk for Diabetes. Available from: http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/Diabetes/UnderstandYourRiskforDiabetes/Understand-Your-Risk-forDiabetes_UCM_002034_Article.jsp#.WxoNN9Uzbct. Accessed on 8^th June 2018.
    • Centers For Disease Control and Prevention. Who’s at risk? Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pdfs/library/socialmedia/infographic-whos_at_risk.pdf. Accessed on 8^th June 2018.
    • Atlanta Heart Associates. What-is-Diabetes-How-to-Control-It. Available from: http://atlantaheartassociates.com/wp-content/docs/edu/What-is-Diabetes-Howto-Control-It.pdf. Accessed on 8^th June 2018.
  • Non-modifiable risk factors
    • American Heart association. Understand Your Risk for Diabetes. Available from: http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/Diabetes/UnderstandYourRiskforDiabetes/Understand-Your-Risk-for-Diabetes_UCM_002034_Article.jsp#.WxoNN9Uzbct. Accessed on 8^th June 2018.
    • Centers For Disease Control and Prevention. Who’s at risk? Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pdfs/library/socialmedia/infographic-whos_at_risk.pdf. Accessed on 8^th June 2018.
    • o Yajnik C S and Ganpule-Rao A V.Review: The Obesity-Diabetes Association: What Is Different in Indians? The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds. 9 (3) pp. 113 – 115. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534734610380028
• Are you at risk?/ Risk Scores
  • Screening test for Prediabetes
    • Diabetes Ireland. Living well with Diabetes. Available from: https://etvmy10vxue40ekl72jx7hmv-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Pre-diabetes-booklet-june2017.pdf Accessed on: 1^st June 2018.
    • The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Why Screen for and Treat Prediabetes. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/communication-programs/ndep/health-professionals/game-plan-preventing-type-2-diabetes/prediabetes-screening-how-why/why-screen-for-prediabetes. Accessed on 1^st June 2018.
    • National Diabetes prevention program. CDC Prediabetes Screening tests. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevention/pdf/prediabetestest.pdf. Accessed on 1^st June 2018.
    • The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Recommended Tests for Identifying Prediabetes. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/communication-programs/ndep/health-professionals/game-plan-preventing-type-2-diabetes/prediabetes-screening-how-why/recommended-tests-identifying-prediabetes. Accessed on 1^st June 2018.
    • National Diabetes Services Scheme. Understanding Prediabetes. Available from: https://static.diabetesaustralia.com.au/s/fileassets/diabetes-australia/cd436984-462d-4b87-a3fd-8a49471ae007.pdf Accessed on: 1^st June 2018.
    • Tests for prediabetes. Available from: https://www.diabetes.co.uk/pre-diabetes-tests.html Accessed on: 1^st June 2018.

About Diabetes/ Types of Diabetes

• Type 1
  • What is Type 1 DM?
    • Type 1 diabetes [Updated Oct 28, 2016]. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/type-1-diabetes. Accessed on 7^th June 2018.
    • Kumar KMP. Incidence trends for childhood type 1 diabetes in India. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2015;19(Suppl 1):S34–5.
  • Causes and Symptoms
    • Type 1 diabetes. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/type-1- diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20353011. Accessed on 8^th June 2018.
    • Type 1 diabetes. Available from: https://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/type-1-diabetes. Accessed on 7^th June 2018. Excessive thirst Frequent urination Tiredness and lethargy Increased appetite Slow healing wounds Blurred vision Skin infections associated with increased itching Unexplained weight loss Mood swings Headache Dizziness Leg cramps
    • Causes of diabetes. Available from: https://www.diabetes.co.uk/diabetes-causes.html. Accessed on 7^th June 2018.
    • Type 1 diabetes symptoms. Available from: https://www.diabetes.co.uk/type1-diabetes-symptoms.html. Accessed on 8^th June 2018.
    • Stoppler MC. Diabetic ketoacidosis symptoms. Available from: https://www.medicinenet.com/diabetic_ketoacidosis_symptoms/views.htm. Accessed on 8^th June 2018.
  • Tests and Diagnosis
    • Diagnosing diabetes and learning about prediabetes. Available from: http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/diagnosis/. Accessed on 10^th June 2018.
    • Type 1 diabetes. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/type-1-diabetes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353017. Available from: http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/diagnosis/. Accessed on 10^th June 2018.
  • Treatment and Prevention
    • Type 1 diabetes. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/type-1-diabetes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353017. Accessed on 11^th June 2018.
  • Myths and Facts
    • Diabetes Myths. Available from: http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/myths/. Accessed on 18^th June 2018
    • Causes of diabetes. Available from: https://www.diabetes.co.uk/diabetes-causes.html. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
    • Oberg E. Type 1 diabetes diet. Available from: https://www.medicinenet.com/type_1_diabetes_diet/article.htm#why_are_following_the_guidelines_o f_a_type_1_diabetes_diet_plan_important. Accessed on 16^th June 2018.
    • Brusie C. Can you have hypoglycemia without having diabetes? [Internet] [Updated Apr 25, 2016]. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/hypoglycemia-without-diabetes#symptoms. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
    • American Diabetes Association. Insulin myths and facts. Available from: http://clinical.diabetesjournals.org/content/25/1/39. Accessed on 6^th June 2018.
  • Goals and Recommendations
    • ADA. Type 1 diabetes. Available from: http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/type-1/. Accessed on: 11^th June 2018.
    • NIH. Managing diabetes. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/managing-diabetes. Accessed on: 11^th June 2018.
    • NIH. The A1c test and diabetes. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/tests-diagnosis/a1c-test. Accessed on: 11^th June 2018.
    • National Diabetes Education Initatiave. Diabetes management guidelines. Available from: http://www.ndei.org/ADA-type-1-diabetes-guidelines.aspx.html. Accessed on: 8^th June 2018.
    • John Hopkin’s Medicine. Diabetes mellitus type 1. Available from: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/diabetes/diabetes_education/patient_education_material/diabetes_mellitus _type1.pdf. Accessed on: 11^th June 2018.
• Type 2
  • What is Type 2 DM?
    • Type 2 diabetes. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/type-2-diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20351193. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
  • Causes and Symptoms
    • Diabetes overview [Internet]. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/diabetes#Types. Accessed on 18^th June 2018.
    • Pietrangelo A. Understanding type 2 diabetes [Internet] [Updated Mar 31, 2016]. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/type-2-diabetes. Accessed on 18^th June 2018.
  • Tests and Diagnosis
    • Diagnosing diabetes and learning about prediabetes [Internet] [Updated Nov 21, 2016]. Available from: http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/diagnosis/. Accessed on 10^th June 2018.
    • Type 1 diabetes [Internet] [Updated Aug 7, 2017]. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/type-1-diabetes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353017. Accessed on 10^th June 2018.
  • Treatment and Prevention
    • Kim S. Understanding type 2 diabetes [Internet] [Updated Mar 31, 2016]. Available from:
    • https://www.healthline.com/health/type-2-diabetes. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
    • NIH. Preventing Type 2 Diabetes. Available from:https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/preventing-type-2-diabetes. Accessed on 11th^th June 2018.
  • Myths and Facts
    • Diabetes myths. Available from: http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/myths/. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
    • Manfred E. Type 2 myths and misconceptions [Internet] [Updated Mar 9, 2016]. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/type-2-diabetes/myths-and-misconceptions#1. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
  • Goals and Recommendations
    • American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. Type 2 Diabetes Glucose Management Goals. Available from: http://outpatient.aace.com/type-2-diabetes/management. Accessed on 8^th June 2018.
    • Intermountain Health care. Living Well: A DIABETES CARE HANDBOOK. Available from: Accessed on 8^th June 2018.
• Gestational diabetes
  • What is Gestational diabetes?
    • Gestational diabetes [Internet] [Updated Aug 5, 2016]. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gestational-diabetes/. Accessed on 13^th June 2018.
  • Causes and Symptoms
    • Gestational diabetes [Internet] [Updated Aug 5, 2016]. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gestational-diabetes/. Accessed on 13^th June 2018.
    • Symptoms & causes of gestational diabetes [Internet]. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/what-isdiabetes/gestational/symptoms-causes. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
  • Tests and Diagnosis
    • Gestational diabetes [Internet] [Updated Aug 5, 2016]. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gestational-diabetes. Accessed on 13^th June 2018.
    • Symptoms & causes of gestational diabetes [Internet]. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/what-isdiabetes/gestational/symptoms-causes. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
    • Diagnosing diabetes and learning about prediabetes [Internet] [Updated Nov 21, 2016]. Available from: http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/diagnosis/.. Accessed on 10^th June 2018.
  • How Gestational diabetes can affect your pregnancy?
    • American Family Physician. Information from Your Family Doctor: Gestational Diabetes: What It means for You and Your Baby. Am Fam Physician. 1999 Sep 1;60(3):1004-1005.
    • Mayo Clinic Staff. Gestational Diabetes. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/gestational-diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20355339. Accessed on 11^th June 2018.
    • WebMD. How Gestational Diabetes Affects You & Your Baby. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/baby/gestational-diabetes-you#1. Accessed on 11^th June 2018.
  • Treatment and Prevention
    • Gestational diabetes. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gestational-diabetes/. Accessed on 13^th June 2018.
    • Mayo Clinic Staff. Gestational diabetes. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/gestational-diabetes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355345. Accessed on 18^th June 2018.
    • Baker LC. Can you prevent gestational diabetes? [Internet] [Updated Sept 15, 2016]. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/preventing-gestational-diabetes#symptoms. Accessed on 13^th June 2018.
  • Myths and Facts
    • Gestational diabetes. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gestational-diabetes/. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
    • WebMD. What Causes Gestational Diabetes? Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/gestational-diabetes-guide/what-causes-gestational-diabetes. Accessed on 18^th June 2018.
    • Greenberg R. 50 Diabetes Myths That Can Ruin Your Life: And the 50 Diabetes Truths That Can Save It. Hachette UK, 09-Sep-2009.
    • The Worldwide Initiative for Diabetes Education. Diabetes Myths & Facts. Available from: http://www.worldwidediabetes.org/. Accessed on 18^th June 2018.
    • American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Myths. Available from: http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/myths/. Accessed on 18^th June 2018.
    • Paterson Jo. Diabetes Week 12th - 18th June [Internet] [Updated Jun 14, 2016]. Available from: https://www.gestationaldiabetes.co.uk/diabetes-week/. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
  • After your baby is born
    • Gestational diabetes. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gestational-diabetes/. Accessed on 13^th June 2018.
• About Diabetes/ Risk Scores
  • Indian Diabetes Risk Score
    • o Adhikari P, Pathak R, Kotian S. Validation of the MDRF - Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) in another South Indian Population through the Boloor Diabetes Study (BDS). JAPI. 2010;58:434-436.
• About Diabetes/ Glossary
  • Glossary - No References

 

Living with Diabetes/ Managing Blood Sugar

• Hyperglycemia
  • • NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. My Diabetes: Information and resource pack. Available from: www.nhsggc.org.uk/...us/...diabetes.../diabetes.../diabetes.../the-diabetes-handbook/. Accessed on 6^th June 2018.
    • Intermountain Health care. Living well: A Diabetes Care Handbook. Available from: https://intermountainhealthcare.org/ext/Dcmnt?ncid=51081386. Accessed on 11^th June 2018.
    • Sentara Healthcare. Live Better with Diabetes: Caring for Your Diabetes. Available from: https://www.optimahealth.com/documents/clinical-guidelines/diabetes-toolkit.pdf. Accessed on 11^th June 2018.
• Hypoglycemia
  • • NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. My Diabetes: Information and resource pack. Available from: www.nhsggc.org.uk/...us/...diabetes.../diabetes.../diabetes.../the-diabetes-handbook/. Accessed on 6^th June 2018.

 

Living with Diabetes/ Lifestyle

• Fitness
  • SMART Goals (Adaptation from Sanofi Content)
    • WebMD. S.M.A.R.T. Weight Loss With Type 2 Diabetes. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/smart-diabetes-goals. Accessed on 15^th June 2018.
    • University of Michigan Diabetes Education Program. Diabetes: Goal Setting. Available from: http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/MEND/Diabetes-Goalsetting.pdf. Accessed on 15^th June 2018.
  • Types of activities (Adaptation from Sanofi's content)
    • Sanofi data.
    • National diabetes Education initiative. Healthful Living: Physical Activity. Available from: www.ndei.org/uploadedFiles/Common/NDEI/Home/Whats_New/Healthy%20Living%20Handout.pdf. Accessed on 13^th June 2018.
  • Fitness Tips
    • Cleveland Clinic. 5 Best Exercises for people with Diabetes. Available from https://health.clevelandclinic.org/5-best-exercises-for-people-with-diabetes/. Accessed on 28^th May 2018
    • Johns Hopkins Medicine. Excercise in Disguse. Available from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/gim/core_resources/Patient%20Handouts/Handouts_May_2012/Exercise%20in%20Disguise.pdf. Accessed on 28^th May 2018
    • Learning about diabetes. Let’s get moving. Available from: https://www.learningaboutdiabetes.org/wp-content/uploads/pdfs-be-active/LetsGetMovingEN.pdf Accessed on: 1^st June 2018.
    • Diabetes Australia. Exercise. Available from https://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/exercise. Accessed on 28^th May 2018
    • Web MD. 11 Exercise Tips for Type 2 Diabetes. Available from https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/type-2-diabetes-guide/exercise-guidelines#2. Accessed on 28^th May 2018
    • Learning about diabetes. Walking works every step counts. Available from: https://www.learningaboutdiabetes.org/wp-content/uploads/pdfs-be-active/WalkingWorksEN.pdf Accessed on: 1^st June 2018.
    • National Diabetes Service Scheme. Exercise and diabetes. Available from: https://diabeteswa.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/C229_DWA_ATSI_Exercise_lo-res.pdf Accessed on: 1^st June 2018.
• Footcare
  • • NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. My Diabetes: Information and resource pack. Available from: www.nhsggc.org.uk/...us/...diabetes.../diabetes.../diabetes.../the-diabetes-handbook/. Accessed on 6^th June 2018.
• Travel (Adaptation from Sanofi's content)
  • • Sanofi data.
    • Intermountain Health care. Living well: A Diabetes Care Handbook. Available from: https://intermountainhealthcare.org/ext/Dcmnt?ncid=51081386. Accessed on 11^th June 2018.
    • NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. My Diabetes: Information and resource pack. Available from: http://library.nhsggc.org.uk/media/223304/Diabetes%20Handbook.pdf/. Accessed on 6^th June 2018.
• Diet
  • Understanding Glycemic Index

    • GI and sugar. Available from: https://www.gisymbol.com/gi-sugar/. Accessed on 21^th November 2018.

    • Carbohydrates and Blood Sugar. Available from: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/carbohydrates/carbohydrates-and-blood-sugar/. Accessed on 21^th November 2018. 

    • Glycemic index for 60+ foods [Internet] [Updated Mar 14, 2018]. Available from: https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/glycemic-index-and-glycemic-load-for-100-foods. Accessed on 14^th June 2018.

    • Glycemic Index and Diabetes. Available from: http://www.diabetes.org/food-and-fitness/food/what-can-i-eat/understanding-carbohydrates/glycemic-index-and-diabetes.html. Accessed on 21^th November 2018.

  • Create your plate
    • American Diabetes Association. Create Your plate. Available from: http://hmassoc.org/wpcontent/uploads/Create-Your-Plate-2.pdf. Accessed on 12^th June 2018. American Diabetes Association.
    • Create Your Plate. Available from: http://www.diabetes.org/food-and-fitness/food/planning-meals/create-your-plate/. Accessed on 15^th June 2018.
• Pregnancy
  • Diabetes in Pregnancy
    • Krishna Murthy E, Pavlik-Renar I, Metelko Z. Diabetes and pregnancy. Diabetologia Croatica. 2002; 31(3):131-146.
    • Intermount Healthcare. Living Well. Available from: https://intermountainhealthcare.org/ext/Dcmnt?ncid=51081386. Accessed on: 13^th June 2018.
    • Government of Saskatchewan. Diabetes in Pregnancy. Available from: https://www.saskatchewan.ca/~/media/files/.../diabetes/diabetes-in-pregnancy.pdf Accessed on: 13^th June 2018.
    • Government of Saskatchewan. Diabetes in Pregnancy. Available from: http://publications.gov.sk.ca/documents/13/81249-diabetes-in-pregnancy.pdf Accessed on: 13^th June 2018.
  • Problems and Solutions
    • Government of Saskatchewan. Diabetes in Pregnancy. Available from: http://publications.gov.sk.ca/documents/13/81249-diabetes-in-pregnancy.pdf. Accessed on: 13^th June 2018.
    • National Diabetes Service Scheme. Gestational Diabetes. Available from: https://www.diabetesqld.org.au/media/33447/gestational_diabetes_booklet.pdf. Accessed on: 13^th June 2018.
  • Healthy Eating
    • Government of Saskatchewan. Diabetes in Pregnancy. Available from: http://publications.gov.sk.ca/documents/13/81249-diabetes-in-pregnancy.pdf Accessed on: 13^th June 2018.
    • National Diabetes Service Scheme. Gestational Diabetes. Available from: https://www.diabetesqld.org.au/media/33447/gestational_diabetes_booklet.pdf. Accessed on: 13^th June 2018.
  • Quit bad habits
    • National Diabetes Service Scheme. Gestational Diabetes. Available from: https://www.diabetesqld.org.au/media/33447/gestational_diabetes_booklet.pdf. Accessed on: 13^th June 2018.
    • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Pregnancy if You Have Diabetes. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/diabetes-pregnancy. Accessed on: 14^th June 2018.
  • Physical Activity
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Diabetes and Pregnancy. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/pregnancy/documents/Diabetes_and_Pregnancy508.pdf Accessed on: 14^th June 2018.
    • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Pregnancy if You Have Diabetes. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/diabetes-pregnancy Accessed on: 14^th June 2018.
  • Know your goals
    • American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2018.Diabetes Care. 2018 Jan;41(Suppl 1):S13-S27. doi: 10.2337/dc18-S002.
  • Check your blood sugar
    • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Pregnancy if You Have Diabetes. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/diabetes-pregnancy Accessed on: 14^th June 2018.
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Diabetes and Pregnancy. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/pregnancy/documents/Diabetes_and_Pregnancy508.pdf Accessed on: 14^th June 2018.
  • Controlling the hyper and hypos
    • Diabetes UK. Gestational Diabetes. Available from: https://www.diabetes.org.uk/resources-s3/2017-08/0302A-gestational-diabetes-guide-0915.pdf Accessed on: 14^th June 2018.
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Diabetes and Pregnancy. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/pregnancy/documents/Diabetes_and_Pregnancy508.pdf Accessed on: 14^th June 2018.
  • Managing your weight
    • Diabetes UK. Gestational Diabetes. Available from: https://www.diabetes.org.uk/resources-s3/2017-08/0302A-gestational-diabetes-guide-0915.pdf. Accessed on: 14^th June 2018.
    • Government of Saskatchewan. Diabetes in Pregnancy. Available from: https://www.saskatchewan.ca/~/media/files/.../diabetes/diabetes-in-pregnancy.pdf. Accessed on: 14^th June 2018.
    • National Diabetes Service Scheme. Gestational Diabetes. Available from: https://www.diabetesqld.org.au/media/33447/gestational_diabetes_booklet.pdf. Accessed on: 14^th June 2018.
• Festivals
  • What’s the deal with festivals?
    • American Association of Diabetes Educators. Learning How to inject insulin. Available from: https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_How_To_AADE.pdf. Accessed on 28^th May 2018.
  • Fasting vs. feasting
    • Kalra S, Bajaj S, Gupta Y, et al. Fasts, feasts and festivals in diabetes-1: Glycemic management during Hindu fasts. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2015; 19(2): 198–203.
    • American Association of Diabetes Educators. Learning How to inject insulin. Available from: https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_How_To_AADE.pdf . Accessed on 28^th May 2018
  • Cut on calories not enjoyment
    • Low LL, Tong SF, Low WY. Mixed Feelings about the Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Consequence of Adjusting To Health Related Quality Of Life. Coll Antropol. 2014;38(1):11-20.
    • Goenka N, Marwa K, Randeva HS, et al. DiabÍetes care in the Sikh patient: cultural and clinical aspects. The British Journal Of Diabetes And Vascular Disease. 2002; 2(3):202- 205.
    • The Impact of Diet Counselling on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Indian Case Study. J Diabetes Metab 2015, 6:10. DOI: 10.4172/2155-6156.1000610.
    • Independent Diabetes Trust. Diabetes at christmas. Available from: https://www.iddt.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/IDDT-XMAS-TIPS-2017.pdf?x82306 Accessed on: 12^th June 2018.
    • Gupta L, Khandelwal D, Singla R, et al. Pragmatic dietary advice for diabetes during Navratris. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2017; 21(1): 231–237.
  • Watch your drinks
    • Joseph’s Healthcare. Staying on track with your diabetes over the holidays. Available from: https://www.sjhc.london.on.ca/our-stories/keeping-holidays-merry-people-diabetes Accessed on: 12^th June 2018.
    • Diabetes Ireland. Christmas and your diabetes. Available from: https://www.diabetes.ie/christmas-diabetes/. Accessed on: 12^th June 2018.
    • Joshi AS, Varthakavi PK, Bhagwat NM, et al. Fasts, feasts, and festivals in diabetes: Glycemic management during Parsi rituals. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2015 ; 19(5): 680–682.
    • Holiday. Available from: https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/AADE_Holiday_toolkit.pdf. Accessed on: 12^th June 2018.
  • The non-vegetarian spread
    • Joshi AS, Varthakavi PK, Bhagwat NM, et al. Fasts, feasts, and festivals in diabetes: Glycemic management during Parsi rituals. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2015 ; 19(5): 680–682.
    • Diabetes Australia Queensland. Diabetes what you need to know. Avialable from: https://www.diabetesqld.org.au/media/24122/type_2_diabetes_-_what_you_need_know.pdf. Accessed on: 12^th June 2018.
  • Rules of fasting in diabetes
    • Kalra S, Bajaj S, Gupta Y, et al. Fasts, feasts and festivals in diabetes-1: Glycemic management during Hindu fasts. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2015; 19(2): 198–203.
    • GPN Update. Diabetes: Management during religious fasting. Available from: https://www.scribd.com/document/360945357/Pearl-GPN-Diabetes-During-Fasting-June2016. Accessed on: 12^th June 2018.
  • Manage stress
    • Independent Diabetes Trust. Diabetes at christmas. Available from: https://www.iddt.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/IDDT-XMAS-TIPS-2017.pdf?x82306. Accessed on: 12^th June 2018.
    • Joseph’s Healthcare. Staying on track with your diabetes over the holidays. Available from: https://www.sjhc.london.on.ca/our-stories/keeping-holidays-merry-people-diabetes. Accessed on: 12^th June 2018.
    • Kalra S, Bajaj S, Gupta Y, et al. Fasts, feasts and festivals in diabetes-1: Glycemic management during Hindu fasts. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2015; 19(2): 198–203.
  • Stay active
    • Joseph’s Healthcare. Staying on track with your diabetes over the holidays. Available from: https://www.sjhc.london.on.ca/our-stories/keeping-holidays-merry-people-diabetes. Accessed on: 12^th June 2018.
  • Medicine alert!
    • Joseph’s Healthcare. Staying on track with your diabetes over the holidays. Available from: https://www.sjhc.london.on.ca/our-stories/keeping-holidays-merry-people-diabetes. Accessed on: 12^th June 2018.
    • The Diabetes Council. Christmas and diabetes: Are you prepared? Available from: https://www.thediabetescouncil.com/christmas-and-diabetes-are-you-prepared/. Accessed on: 12^th June 2018.
    • Kalra S, Bajaj S, Gupta Y, et al. Fasts, feasts and festivals in diabetes-1: Glycemic management during Hindu fasts. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2015; 19(2): 198–203.
  • A little wit to live with diabetes
    • Diabetes Ireland. Christmas and your diabetes. Available from: https://www.diabetes.ie/christmas-diabetes/. Accessed on: 12^th June 2018
    • The Diabetes Council. Christmas and diabetes: Are you prepared? Available from: https://www.thediabetescouncil.com/christmas-and-diabetes-are-you-prepared/. Accessed on: 12^th June 2018.
    • The Diabetes Council. Gift for Diabetics: Awesome Diabetes Gifts Ideas. Available from: https://www.thediabetescouncil.com/gifts-for-diabetics/ Accessed on: 12^th June 2018.

 

Living with Diabetes/ Managing Complications

• Diabetic Neuropathy
  • What is Diabetic Neuropathy?
    • What is diabetic neuropathy? [Internet]. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/diabetic-neuropathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20371580. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
  • Treatment and Prevention
    • What is diabetic neuropathy? [Internet]. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/diabetic-neuropathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20371580. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
• Diabetic Nephropathy
  • What is Diabetic Nephropathy?
    • Diabetic nephropathy [Internet] [Updated Jul 23, 2016]. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/guide/diabetes-kidney-disease. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
      Medical definition of dialysis [Internet]. Available from: https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2980. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
      Kidney transplant [Internet] [Updated Oct 14, 2015]. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kidney-transplant/. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
  • Treatment and Prevention
    • Diabetic nephropathy [Internet] [Updated Jul 23, 2016]. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/guide/diabetes-kidney-disease. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
    • Mayo Clinic Staff. Diabetic nephropathy. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/diabetic-nephropathy/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354562. Accessed on 18^th June 2018.
    • Medical definition of dialysis [Internet]. Available from: https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2980. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
    • Kidney transplant [Internet] [Updated Oct 14, 2015]. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kidney-transplant/. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
    • Gross JL, de Azevedo MJ, Silveiro SP, Canani LH, Caramori ML, Themis Zelmanovitz, et al. Diabetic nephropathy: Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment [Internet]. Available from: https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/497717_8. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.
• Diabetic Retinopathy
  • What is Diabetic Retinopathy?
    • Diabetic retinopathy [Internet] [Updated 30^th May 2018]. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetic-retinopathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20371611. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
    • What is diabetic retinopathy [Internet]. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/diabeticretinopathy#1. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
  • Treatment and Prevention
    • Diabetic retinopathy [Internet] [Updated 30^th May 2018]. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetic-retinopathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20371611. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
    • What is diabetic retinopathy [Internet]. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/diabeticretinopathy#1. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
• Cardiovascular Issues
  • What are the CV issues?
    • Heart disease [Internet] [Updated Mar 22, 2018]. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/heart-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20353118. Accessed on 18^th June 2018.
    • Heart disease and diabetes [Internet] [Updated Jun 22, 2016]. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/type-2-diabetes-guide/heart-blood-disease#1. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
    • Diabetes, heart disease, and stroke [Internet]. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/preventing-problems/heart-disease-stroke. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
  • Treatment and Prevention
    • Heart disease [Internet] [Updated Mar 22, 2018]. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/heart-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20353118. Accessed on 18^th June 2018.
    • Heart disease and diabetes [Internet] [Updated Jun 22, 2016]. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/type-2-diabetes-guide/heart-blood-disease#1. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
    • Diabetes, heart disease, and stroke [Internet]. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/preventing-problems/heart-disease-stroke. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
• Diabetic foot
  • What is Diabetic foot?
    • Diabetes foot care tips [Internet]. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/guide/diabetes-better-foot-care#2. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
      Ferry R. Diabetic foot care. Available from: https://www.emedicinehealth.com/diabetic_foot_care/article_em.htm#diabetic_foot_care_facts. Accessed on 18^th June 2018.
  • Treatment and Prevention
    • Diabetes foot care tips [Internet]. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/guide/diabetes-better-foot-care#2. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
    • Rowe VL, Khardori R. Diabetic ulcers treatment & management [Internet] [Updated Mar 12, 2018]. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/460282-treatment. Accessed on 17^th June 2018.

 

All about insulins

• About insulins
  • Why Insulin and why now : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)
  • Types of insulin
    • Insulin: Compare common options for insulin therapy. Available from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/insulin/art-20050970. Accessed on 29^th May 2018
    • American Diabetes association. Insulin Basics. Available from http://www.diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/treatment-and-care/medication/insulin/insulin-basics.html. Accessed on 29^th May 2018
    • Learning About Diabetes. Types of insulin and how they work. Available from: https://www.learningaboutdiabetes.org/wp-content/uploads/pdfs-medicine/TypesOfInsulinEN.pdf. Accessed on 29^th May 2018
    • Joslin Diabetes Center. Insulin A to Z: A guide on different types of insulins. Available from https://www.diabetes.co.uk/insulin/insulin-types.html. Accessed on 29^th May 2018
    • co.uk. Rapid acting insulin. Available from https://www.diabetes.co.uk/insulin/rapid-acting-insulin.html. Accessed on 29^th May 2018
    • co.uk. Short acting insulin. Available from https://www.diabetes.co.uk/insulin/short-acting-insulin.html. Accessed on 29^th May 2018
    • co.uk. Long acting Insulin. Available from https://www.diabetes.co.uk/insulin/long-acting-insulin.html. Accessed on 29^th May 2018
    • co.uk. Insulin types and Information. Available from https://www.diabetes.co.uk/insulin/insulin-types.html. Accessed on 29^th May 2018
    • Cleveland What are the different types of Insulin? Available from http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/3300/3376.asp?index=11452. Accessed on 29^th May 2018
  • Dosage
    • Joslin Diabetes center. Dosing Insulin. Available from http://www.joslin.org/info/dosing-insulin.html. Accessed on 31^st May 2018
    • University of California. Calculating Insulin dose. Available from https://dtc.ucsf.edu/types-of-diabetes/type1/treatment-of-type-1-diabetes/medications-and-therapies/type-1-insulin-therapy/calculating-insulin-dose/. Accessed on 31^st May 2018
    • Camden Coalition of Healthcare Providers. A simplified approach to initiating insulin. Available from: https://www.camdenhealth.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/SIMPLIFIED-INSULIN-START3-11.pdf Accessed on: 5^th June 2018.
    • Learning About Diabetes. Types of insulin and how they work. Available from: https://www.learningaboutdiabetes.org/wp-content/uploads/pdfs-medicine/TypesOfInsulinEN.pdf. Accessed on 29^th May 2018
• Preparing your dose
• Learning about diabetes. How to prepare mixed dose insulin. Available from: https://www.learningaboutdiabetes.org/wp-content/uploads/pdfs-medicine-viewonly/PrepareMixedDoseInsulinEN.pdf Accessed on: 31^st May 2018.
• American College of Cardiology. Diabetes: How to Give a Single-Dose Insulin Shot. Available from: https://www.cardiosmart.org/~/media/Documents/Fact%20Sheets/en/zp3836.ashx Accessed on: 31^st May 2018.
• American Association of Diabetes Educators. Insulin Injection Know-How. Available from: https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_How_To_AADE.pdf Accessed on: 31^st May 2018.
• Learning about diabetes. How to prepare single dose insulin. Available from: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/MediaLibraries/URMCMedia/medicine/general-medicine/patientcare/documents/prepare-insulin-lad.pdf Accessed on: 31^st May 2018.
• American Association of Diabetes Educators. Insulin Injection Know-How. Available from: https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_How_To_AADE.pdf Accessed on: 31^st May 2018.
• American College of Cardiology. Diabetes: How to Give a Single-Dose Insulin Shot. Available from: https://www.cardiosmart.org/~/media/Documents/Fact%20Sheets/en/zp3836.ashx Accessed on: 31^st May 2018.
• How and where to inject?
  • Where to inject?
    • American Association of Diabetes Educators. Learning How to inject insulin. Available from: https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_How_To_AADE.pdf Accessed on: 28^th May 2018.
  • Are you ready for an injection?
    • American Association of Diabetes Educators. Learning How to inject insulin. Available from: https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_How_To_AADE.pdf Accessed on: 28^th May 2018.
    • Camden Coalition of healthcare providers. Safe efficient Insulin Use. Available from: https://www.camdenhealth.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/Safe-Efficent-Insulin-Use-LH21.pdf Accessed on: 28^th May 2018.
  • Holding and inserting the needle
    • Canadian diabetes guidelines. Getting started with insulin. Available from: http://quidelines.diabetes.ca/cdacpg/media/documents/patient-resources/Getting-Started_With_Insulin_Injections.pdf Accessed on: 28^th May 2018.
    • American Association of Diabetes Educators. Learning How to inject insulin. Available from: https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_How_To_AADE.pdf Accessed on: 28^th May 2018.
    • Camden Coalition of healthcare providers. Safe efficient Insulin Use. Available from: https://www.camdenhealth.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/Safe-Efficent-Insulin-Use-LH21.pdf Accessed on: 28^th May 2018.
  • Injecting insulin
    • American Association of Diabetes Educators. Learning How to inject insulin. Available from: https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_How_To_AADE.pdf Accessed on: 28^th May 2018.
  • Pulling out the needle
    • Canadian diabetes guidelines. Getting started with insulin. Available from: http://quidelines.diabetes.ca/cdacpg/media/documents/patient-resources/Getting-Started_With_Insulin_Injections.pdf Accessed on: 28^th May 2018.
    • American Association of Diabetes Educators. Learning How to inject insulin. Available from: https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_How_To_AADE.pdf Accessed on: 28^th May 2018.
  • Giving a pain-free injection
    • How to inject insulin. Available from: https://www.diabetes.co.uk/insulin/how-to-inject-insulin.html Accessed on: 5^th June 2018.
  • Disposing the needle
    • American Association of Diabetes Educators. Learning How to inject insulin. Available from: https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_How_To_AADE.pdf Accessed on: 28^th May 2018.
• Injection site map : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)


• Importance of site rotation : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)


• Do's and Dont's
  • • Camden Coalition of healthcare providers. Safe efficient Insulin Use. Available from: https://www.camdenhealth.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/Safe-Efficent-Insulin-Use-LH21.pdf Accessed on: 28^th May 2018.
    • A patient’s guide to the use of insulin for diabetes. Available from: https://www.uhb.nhs.uk/Downloads/pdf/PiNewToInsulin.pdf Accessed on: 28^th May 2018.
    • American Association of Diabetes Educators. Pro tips (and tricks) for easier and better Insulin Injections. Available from: https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_Pro_Tips_AADE.pdf Accessed on: 28^th May 2018.
    • American Association of Diabetes Educators. Insulin Injection Know-How. Available from: https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_How_To_AADE.pdf Accessed on: 31^st May 2018.
    • Yale School of Medicine. The Ins and Outs of Giving and Taking Insulin. Available from: https://medicine.yale.edu/pediatrics/endocrinology/cdp/diabetes101/insulin/ Accessed on: 28^th May 2018.
    • American Association of Diabetes Educators. Have diabetes, will travel. Available from: https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/diabetes_travel_tips.pdf?sfvrsn=2 Accessed on: 5^th June 2018.
    • The Canadian Diabetes Association. Getting started with insulin. Available from: http://guidelines.diabetes.ca/cdacpg/media/documents/patient-resources/Getting-Started_With_Insulin_Injections.pdf Accessed on: 5^th June 2018.
• Timing issues
  • Need to take insulins on time
    • Diabetes Self management. Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Injecting Insulin. Available from https://www.diabetesselfmanagement.com/managing-diabetes/treatment-approaches/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-injecting-insulin/. Accessed on 12^th June 2018
  • Timing issues with Basal insulin analogs
    • Diabetes Self management. Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Injecting Insulin. Available from https://www.diabetesselfmanagement.com/managing-diabetes/treatment-approaches/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-injecting-insulin/. Accessed on 12^th June 2018
  • Timing issues with Fast-acting insulins
    • Diabetes Self management. Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Injecting Insulin. Available from https://www.diabetesselfmanagement.com/managing-diabetes/treatment-approaches/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-injecting-insulin/. Accessed on 12^th June 2018
  • Timing issues with Mixed insulins
    • Diabetes Self management. Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Injecting Insulin. Available from https://www.diabetesselfmanagement.com/managing-diabetes/treatment-approaches/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-injecting-insulin/. Accessed on 12^th June 2018
• Your insulin device
  • Insulin Delivery Devices
    • Taking Insulin
      • Panchal A, Shah V. Insulin drug delivery systems: A review. J. Res. Pharm. Sci., 2(4), 2011, 484-492
    • Insulin syringe
      • Panchal A, Shah V. Insulin drug delivery systems: A review. J. Res. Pharm. Sci., 2(4), 2011, 484-492
    • Insulin Infusion Pumps
      • Diabetes Australia Queensland. I’m considering an insulin pump. Available from https://www.diabetesqld.org.au/media/23569/i_am_considering_an_insulin_pump.pdf. Accessed on 31^st May 2018
      • Understanding Insulin Pumps. Available from: https://static.diabetesaustralia.com.au/s/fileassets/diabetes-australia/6139a790-aa95-495d-af35-9c483f71c0e0.pdf Accessed on: 5^th June 2018.
    • Insulin Pens
      • Dunning T. Insulin Delivery devices. Aust Prescr. 2002;25:136-8
      • Bohannon NJV. Insulin delivery using pen devices. Available from: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.539.9289&rep=rep1&type=pdf Accessed on: 5^th June 2018.
  • Correct needle use
    • Correct versus wrong practice
      • Diabetes Self management. Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Injecting Insulin. Available from https://www.diabetesselfmanagement.com/managing-diabetes/treatment-approaches/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-injecting-insulin/. Accessed on 12^th June 2018
    • Correct versus wrong practice
      • Diabetes Self management. Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Injecting Insulin. Available from https://www.diabetesselfmanagement.com/managing-diabetes/treatment-approaches/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-injecting-insulin/. Accessed on 12^th June 2018
    • Consequences of using dull needle
      • Diabetes Self management. Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Injecting Insulin. Available from https://www.diabetesselfmanagement.com/managing-diabetes/treatment-approaches/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-injecting-insulin/. Accessed on 12^th June 2018
    • Correct versus wrong practice
      • Diabetes Self management. Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Injecting Insulin. Available from https://www.diabetesselfmanagement.com/managing-diabetes/treatment-approaches/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-injecting-insulin/. Accessed on 12^th June 2018
    • Consequences of leaving needle on the pen
      • Diabetes Self management. Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Injecting Insulin. Available from https://www.diabetesselfmanagement.com/managing-diabetes/treatment-approaches/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-injecting-insulin/. Accessed on 12^th June 2018
  • Storing your insulin pen : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)
  
  
  • Travelling with Insulin : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)
  
  
• Managing and monitoring blood glucose
• Managing Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)


• Using glucometer for monitoring : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)


• Self-monitoring your blood glucose : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)


• Managing diabetes at home : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)


• Managing diabetes at work place : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)


• Managing diabetes during festivals : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)


• Diabetes in Pregnancy
  • Krishna Murthy E, Pavlik-Renar I, Metelko Z. Diabetes and pregnancy. Diabetologia Croatica. 2002; 31(3):131-146.
  • Intermount Healthcare. Living Well. Available from: https://intermountainhealthcare.org/ext/Dcmnt?ncid=51081386. Accessed on: 13^th June 2018.
  • Government of Saskatchewan. Diabetes in Pregnancy. Available from: https://www.saskatchewan.ca/~/media/files/.../diabetes/diabetes-in-pregnancy.pdf Accessed on: 13^th June 2018.
  • Government of Saskatchewan. Diabetes in Pregnancy. Available from: http://publications.gov.sk.ca/documents/13/81249-diabetes-in-pregnancy.pdf Accessed on: 13^th June 2018.
• Overcoming fear of Insulin
  • All about Insulins/ Myths and facts
    • • American Diabetes Association. Insulin Myths and Facts. Clinical Diabetes. 2007; 25(1): 39-40. Available from: http://clinical.diabetesjournals.org/content/25/1/39 Accessed on: 31^st May 2018.
      • Mokta J, Mokta K, Sinha P, et al. Insulin Myths and Impact of Round-Tree Group Education Programme on Acceptance of Insulin in Persons with Diabetes: A Study from the Himalayas. Journal of The Association of Physicians of India. 2017; 65: 48-52. Worldwide initiative for diabetes education. Diabetes myths and facts.
  • How to cope with fear of insulin?:
    • co.uk. Needle phobia- Overcoming fear of needles. Available from https://www.diabetes.co.uk/emotions/needle-phobia.html. Accessed on 8^th June 2018
  • Make your own ‘Fear Hierarchy’:
    • co.uk. Needle phobia- Overcoming fear of needles. Available from https://www.diabetes.co.uk/emotions/needle-phobia.html. Accessed on 8^th June 2018
  • Rate your fear action:
    • co.uk. Needle phobia- Overcoming fear of needles. Available from https://www.diabetes.co.uk/emotions/needle-phobia.html. Accessed on 8^th June 2018
  • Use relaxation exercise:
    • co.uk. Needle phobia- Overcoming fear of needles. Available from https://www.diabetes.co.uk/emotions/needle-phobia.html. Accessed on 8^th June 2018


• Diet and exercise
• Understanding Glycemic Index

  • GI and sugar. Available from: https://www.gisymbol.com/gi-sugar/. Accessed on 21^th November 2018.

  • What is GI?. Available from: https://www.gisymbol.com/about-glycemic-index/. Accessed on 14th May 2018

  • Carbohydrates and Blood Sugar. Available from: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/carbohydrates/carbohydrates-and-blood-sugar/. Accessed on 21^th November 2018. 

  • Glycemic index for 60+ foods [Internet] [Updated Mar 14, 2018]. Available from: https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/glycemic-index-and-glycemic-load-for-100-foods. Accessed on 14^th June 2018.

  • Glycemic Index and Diabetes. Available from: http://www.diabetes.org/food-and-fitness/food/what-can-i-eat/understanding-carbohydrates/glycemic-index-and-diabetes.html. Accessed on 21^th November 2018.

• Sample meal plan : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)


• Using hand to measure portion sizes : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)


• Create your plate
  • American Diabetes Association. Create Your plate. Available from: http://hmassoc.org/wpcontent/uploads/Create-Your-Plate-2.pdf. Accessed on 12^th June 2018. American Diabetes Association.
  • Create Your Plate. Available from: http://www.diabetes.org/food-and-fitness/food/planning-meals/create-your-plate/. Accessed on 15^th June 2018.
• SMART Goals (Adaptation from Sanofi Content)
  • WebMD. S.M.A.R.T. Weight Loss With Type 2 Diabetes. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/smart-diabetes-goals. Accessed on 15^th June 2018.
  • University of Michigan Diabetes Education Program. Diabetes: Goal Setting. Available from: http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/MEND/Diabetes-Goalsetting.pdf. Accessed on 15^th June 2018.
• Fitness Tips
  • Cleveland Clinic. 5 Best Exercises for people with Diabetes. Available from https://health.clevelandclinic.org/5-best-exercises-for-people-with-diabetes/. Accessed on 28^th May 2018
  • Johns Hopkins Medicine. Excercise in Disguse. Available from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/gim/core_resources/Patient%20Handouts/Handouts_May_2012/Exercise%20in%20Disguise.pdf. Accessed on 28^th May 2018
  • Learning about diabetes. Let’s get moving. Available from: https://www.learningaboutdiabetes.org/wp-content/uploads/pdfs-be-active/LetsGetMovingEN.pdf Accessed on: 1^st June 2018.
  • Diabetes Australia. Exercise. Available from https://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/exercise. Accessed on 28^th May 2018
  • Web MD. 11 Exercise Tips for Type 2 Diabetes. Available from https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/type-2-diabetes-guide/exercise-guidelines#2. Accessed on 28^th May 2018
  • Learning about diabetes. Walking works every step counts. Available from: https://www.learningaboutdiabetes.org/wp-content/uploads/pdfs-be-active/WalkingWorksEN.pdf Accessed on: 1^st June 2018.
  • National Diabetes Service Scheme. Exercise and diabetes. Available from: https://diabeteswa.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/C229_DWA_ATSI_Exercise_lo-res.pdf Accessed on: 1^st June 2018.
• Types of activities (Adaptation from Sanofi's content) Sanofi data.
  • National diabetes Education initiative. Healthful Living: Physical Activity. Available from: www.ndei.org/uploadedFiles/Common/NDEI/Home/Whats_New/Healthy%20Living%20Handout.pdf. Accessed on 13^th June 2018.
• Exercise to help manage blood glucose : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)
• Complications
• Understanding diabetes complications : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)


• What are the CV issues?
  • Heart disease [Internet] [Updated Mar 22, 2018]. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/heart-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20353118. Accessed on 18^th June 2018.
  • Heart disease and diabetes [Internet] [Updated Jun 22, 2016]. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/type-2-diabetes-guide/heart-blood-disease#1. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
  • Diabetes, heart disease, and stroke [Internet]. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/preventing-problems/heart-disease-stroke. Accessed on 12^th June 2018.
• • NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. My Diabetes: Information and resource pack. Available from: www.nhsggc.org.uk/...us/...diabetes.../diabetes.../diabetes.../the-diabetes-handbook/. Accessed on 6^th June 2018.
• Unexplained weight loss : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)


• Foot care (Infographics) : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)


• Sick day management : Adapted from ADA Guidelines Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020 Diabetes Care 2020 Jan; 42(Supplement 1)